加尔: 火星上的微笑面孔陨石坑

2026年2月1日

Galle: Happy Face Crater on Mars
Image Credit: NASA, MGS, MSSS

Explanation: Mars has put on a happy face. The Martian crater Galle is famous because it has internal markings that make it look like a face that is both smiling and winking. These markings were originally discovered in the 1970s in pictures taken by the Viking Orbiter. The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft that orbited Mars from 1996 to 2006 captured the featured picture. Happy Face Crater and its iconic features were formed by chance billions of years ago when a city-sized asteroid slammed into the Martian surface. All rocky planets and moons in our Solar System show impact craters, with the highest number of craters found on Earth’s Moon and the planet Mercury. Earth and Venus would show the most, though, were it not for weather and erosion.

Sky Surprise: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday? (after 1995)
Tomorrow’s picture: fast gas

伽勒: 火星上的微笑面孔陨石坑
影像提供: NASA, MGS, MSSS

说明: 火星露出了笑脸。火星上的伽勒陨石坑因其内部的纹路而闻名，这些纹路让它看起来像是一张既微笑又眨眼的脸。这些标记最早是在1970年代由维京号探测器拍摄的照片中发现的。火星全球探勘者（MGS）探测器于1996年至2006年绕着火星运行，并拍摄了这张特色照片。笑脸陨石坑及其标志性特征是在数十亿年前偶然形成的，当时一颗城市大小的小行星撞击了火星表面。我们太阳系中的所有行星和卫星都存在撞击坑，其中地球的卫星——月球和水星上的撞击坑数量最多。然而，如果不是因为风化和侵蚀，地球和金星上的撞击坑数量将会最多。